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[ 4 / 4 ] Application profile is long enough (64.27 s)
To have good quality measurements, it is advised that the application profiling time is greater than 10 seconds.
[ 1.76 / 3 ] Some functions are compiled with a low optimization level (O0 or O1)
To have better performances, it is advised to help the compiler by using a proper optimization level (-O2 of higher). Warning, depending on compilers, faster optimization levels can decrease numeric accuracy.
[ 1.76 / 3 ] Most of time spent in analyzed modules comes from functions without compilation information
Functions without compilation information (typically not compiled with -g) cumulate 41.39% of the time spent in analyzed modules. Check that -g is present. Remark: if -g is indeed used, this can also be due to some compiler built-in functions (typically math) or statically linked libraries. This warning can be ignored in that case.
[ 1.76 / 3 ] Compilation of some functions is not optimized for the target processor
Architecture specific options are needed to produce efficient code for a specific processor ( -x(target) or -ax(target) ).
[ 2 / 2 ] Application is correctly profiled ("Others" category represents 0 % of the execution time)
To have a representative profiling, it is advised that the category "Others" represents less than 20% of the execution time in order to analyze as much as possible of the user code
[ 4 / 4 ] Enough time of the experiment time spent in analyzed loops (55.43%)
If the time spent in analyzed loops is less than 30%, standard loop optimizations will have a limited impact on application performances.
[ 4 / 4 ] Loop profile is not flat
No hotspot found in the application (greatest loop coverage is 3.69%), but the twenty hottest loops cumulated coverage is representative enough (48.7% > 20%)
[ 4 / 4 ] Enough time of the experiment time spent in analyzed innermost loops (55.30%)
If the time spent in analyzed innermost loops is less than 15%, standard innermost loop optimizations such as vectorisation will have a limited impact on application performances.
[ 3 / 3 ] Less than 10% (0%) is spend in BLAS1 operations
It could be more efficient to inline by hand BLAS1 operations
[ 3 / 3 ] Cumulative Outermost/In between loops coverage (0.13%) lower than cumulative innermost loop coverage (55.3%)
Having cumulative Outermost/In between loops coverage greater than cumulative innermost loop coverage will make loop optimization more complex
[ 2 / 2 ] Less than 10% (0%) is spend in Libm/SVML (special functions)
[ 2 / 2 ] Less than 10% (0%) is spend in BLAS2 operations
BLAS2 calls usually could make a poor cache usage and could benefit from inlining.
| Loop ID | Analysis | Penalty Score |
|---|---|---|
| ►Loop 125 - exec | Execution Time: 3 % - Vectorization Ratio: 99.35 % - Vector Length Use: 82.59 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 64 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 16 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 64 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 4 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 56 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 6 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 24 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 7 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 28 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BLEND/MERGE, BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 2 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] More than 20% of the loads are accessing the stack - Perform loop splitting to decrease pressure on registers. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 28 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 6 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 24 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 32 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 7 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 28 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BLEND/MERGE, BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 2 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Inefficient vectorization: use of masked instructions - Simplify control structure. The issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Loop 243 - exec | Execution Time: 3 % - Vectorization Ratio: 100.00 % - Vector Length Use: 82.69 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 66 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 16 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 64 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of a large number of scalar integer instructions - Simplify loop structure, perform loop splitting or perform unroll and jam. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 2 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 218 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 26 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 104 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 28 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 112 |
| ○ | [SA] More than 20% of the loads are accessing the stack - Perform loop splitting to decrease pressure on registers. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 106 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 26 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 104 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 112 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 28 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 112 |
| ►Loop 105 - exec | Execution Time: 3 % - Vectorization Ratio: 98.82 % - Vector Length Use: 76.91 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 34 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 8 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 32 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of a large number of scalar integer instructions - Simplify loop structure, perform loop splitting or perform unroll and jam. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 2 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 254 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 23 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 92 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 40 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 160 |
| ○ | [SA] More than 20% of the loads are accessing the stack - Perform loop splitting to decrease pressure on registers. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 94 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 23 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 92 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 160 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 40 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 160 |
| ►Loop 662 - exec | Execution Time: 3 % - Vectorization Ratio: 99.68 % - Vector Length Use: 81.64 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 208 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 52 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 208 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 4 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 135 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 15 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 60 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 18 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 72 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 1 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 1 |
| ○ | [SA] More than 20% of the loads are accessing the stack - Perform loop splitting to decrease pressure on registers. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 64 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 15 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 60 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 75 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 18 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 72 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 1 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 1 |
| ○ | [SA] Inefficient vectorization: use of masked instructions - Simplify control structure. The issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Loop 133 - exec | Execution Time: 3 % - Vectorization Ratio: 99.34 % - Vector Length Use: 81.16 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 64 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 16 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 64 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 4 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 64 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 8 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 32 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 7 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 28 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BLEND/MERGE, BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 2 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] More than 20% of the loads are accessing the stack - Perform loop splitting to decrease pressure on registers. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 36 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 8 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 32 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 32 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 7 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 28 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BLEND/MERGE, BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 2 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Inefficient vectorization: use of masked instructions - Simplify control structure. The issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Loop 160 - exec | Execution Time: 3 % - Vectorization Ratio: 99.24 % - Vector Length Use: 83.30 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 224 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 56 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 224 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 2 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 142 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 17 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 68 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 18 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 72 |
| ○ | [SA] More than 20% of the loads are accessing the stack - Perform loop splitting to decrease pressure on registers. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 70 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 17 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 68 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 74 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 18 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 72 |
| ○ | [SA] Inefficient vectorization: use of masked instructions - Simplify control structure. The issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Loop 194 - exec | Execution Time: 3 % - Vectorization Ratio: 97.44 % - Vector Length Use: 86.06 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 68 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 16 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 64 |
| ○ | [SA] Less than 10% of the FP ADD/SUB/MUL arithmetic operations are performed using FMA - Reorganize arithmetic expressions to exhibit potential for FMA. This issue costs 4 points. | 4 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 2 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 36 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 4 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 16 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 5 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 20 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 18 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 4 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 16 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 20 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 5 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 20 |
| ►Loop 109 - exec | Execution Time: 2 % - Vectorization Ratio: 99.11 % - Vector Length Use: 82.54 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 82 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 20 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 80 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of a large number of scalar integer instructions - Simplify loop structure, perform loop splitting or perform unroll and jam. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 4 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 105 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 12 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 48 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 13 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 52 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BLEND/MERGE, BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 3 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 3 |
| ○ | [SA] More than 20% of the loads are accessing the stack - Perform loop splitting to decrease pressure on registers. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 52 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 12 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 48 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 57 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 13 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 52 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BLEND/MERGE, BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 3 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 3 |
| ○ | [SA] Inefficient vectorization: use of masked instructions - Simplify control structure. The issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Loop 117 - exec | Execution Time: 2 % - Vectorization Ratio: 99.08 % - Vector Length Use: 83.28 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 82 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 20 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 80 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of a large number of scalar integer instructions - Simplify loop structure, perform loop splitting or perform unroll and jam. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 4 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 105 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 12 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 48 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 13 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 52 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BLEND/MERGE, BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 3 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 3 |
| ○ | [SA] More than 20% of the loads are accessing the stack - Perform loop splitting to decrease pressure on registers. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 52 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Several paths (2 paths) - Simplify control structure or force the compiler to use masked instructions. There are 2 issues ( = paths) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 12 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 48 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 57 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 13 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 52 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of special instructions executing on a single port (BLEND/MERGE, BROADCAST) - Simplify data access and try to get stride 1 access. There are 3 issues (= instructions) costing 1 point each. | 3 |
| ○ | [SA] Inefficient vectorization: use of masked instructions - Simplify control structure. The issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Loop 131 - exec | Execution Time: 2 % - Vectorization Ratio: 97.56 % - Vector Length Use: 76.98 % | |
| ►Loop Computation Issues | 34 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive FP instructions - Perform hoisting, change algorithm, use SVML or proper numerical library or perform value profiling (count the number of distinct input values). There are 8 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 32 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of a large number of scalar integer instructions - Simplify loop structure, perform loop splitting or perform unroll and jam. This issue costs 2 points. | 2 |
| ►Control Flow Issues | 2 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ►Data Access Issues | 44 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 5 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 20 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 6 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 24 |
| ►Vectorization Roadblocks | 22 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of calls - Inline either by compiler or by hand and use SVML for libm calls. There are 2 issues (= calls) costing 1 point each. | 2 |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of indirect accesses - Use array restructuring or gather instructions to lower the cost. There are 5 issues ( = indirect data accesses) costing 4 point each. | 20 |
| ►Inefficient Vectorization | 24 | |
| ○ | [SA] Presence of expensive instructions (GATHER/SCATTER) - Use array restructuring. There are 6 issues (= instructions) costing 4 points each. | 24 |